Devi Shetty has been called the Henry Ford of Heart Surgery. Through mass production and specialization, his hospital, Narayana Hrudayalaya in Bangalore, has doubled the throughput of heart surgeries per surgeon while drastically reducing the per procedure costs. According to a recent Economist special report on innovation in emerging markets, his 40 surgeons perform about 600 operations a week and charge only ~$2000 per open heart surgery (costs in America range $20,000 – $100,000). Pretty remarkable considering this is done without reducing the success of outcomes.